ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the influence of lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) on the prognosis of patients with extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma (ENKTL).@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 203 patients with ENKTL admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2011 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The ROC curve determined the limit values of LMR and NLR; Categorical variables were compared using a chi-square test, expressed as frequency and percentage (n,%). Continuous variables were expressed as medians and extremes and compared with the Mann-Whitney U test; Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of different grouped LMR and NLR patients were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves and compared with log-rank tests. The COX proportional risk regression model was used to perform one-factor and multi-factor analysis of PFS and OS.@*RESULTS@#The optimal critical values of LMR and NLR were determined by the ROC curve, which were 2.60 and 3.40, respectively. LMR≤2.60 was more likely to occur in patients with bone marrow invasion (P=0.029) and higher LDH (P=0.036), while NLR≥3.40 was more likely to occur in patients with higher ECOG scores (P=0.002), higher LDH (P=0.008), higher blood glucose (P=0.024), and lower PLT (P=0.010). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that PFS and OS of patients in the high LMR group were significantly better than the low LMR group, while PFS and OS in the low NLR group were significantly better than the high NLR group. The results of multivariate COX analysis showed that EBV-DNA positive (P=0.047), LMR≤2.60 (P=0.014), NLR≥3.40 (P=0.023) were independent risk factors affecting PFS in patients with ENKTL. LMR≤2.60 (P<0.001), NLR≥3.40 (P=0.048), and high β2-MG (P=0.013) were independent risk factors affecting OS in patients with ENKTL.@*CONCLUSION@#Low LMR and high NLR before treatment are associated with poor prognosis in patients with ENKTL, which also can be used as an easily testable, inexpensive, and practical prognostic indicator in the clinic.
Subject(s)
Humans , Monocytes/pathology , Neutrophils , Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell/pathology , Retrospective Studies , Lymphocytes , PrognosisABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the relationship between disease courses and severity and monocyte subsets distribution and surface CD31 intensity in patients of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Methods Peripheral blood samples from 29 HFRS patients and 13 normal controls were collected. The dynamic changes of classical monocyte subsets (CD14++CD16-), intermediated monocyte subsets (CD14++CD16+) and non-classical monocyte subsets (CD14+CD16++) and the mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) of CD31 on monocyte subsets were detected by multiple-immunofluorescent staining and flow cytometry. Results In acute phase of HFRS, the ratio of classical monocyte subsets to total monocytes was dramatically decreased compared to convalescent phase and normal control. It was still much lower in convalescent phase compared to normal controls. The ratio of classical monocyte subsets to total monocytes were decreased in HFRS patients compared to that in normal control, whereas there was no difference between severe/critical groups and mild/moderate groups. On the contrary, the ratio of intermediate monocyte subsets to total monocytes in acute phase of HFRS was significantly increased compared to convalescent phase and normal control. The ratio of intermediate monocyte subsets to total monocytes were increased in HFRS patients compared to that in normal control, whereas no difference was found between severe/critical groups and mild/moderate groups. Phases or severity groups had no difference in ratio of non-classical monocyte subsets to total monocytes. Additionally, the ratio of classical monocyte subsets had a tendency to decline and that of intermediate monocyte subsets showed an increase both to total monocytes between the acute and convalescent phases in 11 HFRS patients with paired-samples. Moreover, in acute phase of HFRS, the mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) of CD31 on three monocyte subsets all decreased, specifically classical monocyte subsets showed the highest MFI of CD31 while the normal control reported the highest MFI of CD31 in non-classical monocyte subsets. In convalescent phase, the MFI of CD31 on classical and intermediated monocyte subsets were both lower than that of normal control, while MFI of CD31 was still significantly lower than normal control on non-classical monocyte subsets. Finally, MFI of CD31 on classical and intermediated monocyte subsets in severe/critical group were both lower than those in mild/moderate group, showing no statistical difference in MFI of CD31 on non-classical monocyte subset across groups of different disease severity. Conclusion The ratio of classical and intermediated monocyte subsets to total monocytes are correlated with the course of HFRS, and so are the surface intensity of CD31 on these monocyte subsets with the disease course and severity. The surface intensity of CD31 on non-classical monocyte subsets, however, is correlated only with the course of the disease. Together, the underlying mechanisms for the observed changes in monocyte subsets in HFRS patients should be further investigated.
Subject(s)
Humans , Monocytes , Lipopolysaccharide Receptors , Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome , Receptors, IgG , Disease ProgressionABSTRACT
Introduction: The pandemic for the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) brought many uncertainties about which laboratory parameters would be most suitable during the evolution of COVID 19. Objectives: Correlate the results of the blood count (BC), the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (N/LR), the C-reactive protein (CRP) and morphological findings of individuals diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection through Polymerase Chain Reaction in Real Time (RT-PCR) in a private laboratory in Belém, Pará, from March to September 2020. Materials and Methods: Retrospective study with 30 individuals, of both sexes, any age and clinical complaint, of home or hospital origin who underwent BC, CRP and RT-PCR for COVID 19 until the 8th day of infection. Morphological changes were analyzed after selecting the slides for these patients. Results: Sample composed of 15 men and 15 women, aged between 7 and 92 years. Of these 12/30 individuals were at home and 18/30 were hospitalized. The main complaints were fever, malaise, diarrhea and respiratory distress. The statistical study showed a direct dependency relationship between increases in N/LR, CRP and the need for hospitalization (p = 0.0005). Morphological analysis showed hyposegmented neutrophils with toxic granulations, vacuolated monocytes, and reactive lymphocytes with basophilic cytoplasm. Conclusion: Our results associate intermediate and elevated levels of N/LR with increased CRP and disease severity, however, unrelated to the morphological findings in neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes that were common to all patients diagnosed up to the 8th day of infection (AU)
Introdução: A pandemia pelo novo coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2) trouxe muitas incertezas sobre quais parâmetros laboratoriais seriam mais adequados durante a evolução da COVID 19. Objetivos: Correlacionar os resultados do hemograma (HGM), da relação neutrófilos/linfócitos (R N/L), da proteína C reativa (PCR) e dos achados morfológicos de indivíduos diagnosticados com infecção por SARS-CoV-2 através de Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real (RT-PCR) em um laboratório particular de Belém, Pará, no período de março a setembro de 2020. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo com 30 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, qualquer idade e queixa clínica, de origem domiciliar ou hospitalar que realizaram HGM, PCR e RT-PCR para COVID 19 até o 8o dia de infecção. As alterações morfológicas foram analisadas após a seleção das lâminas desses pacientes. Resultados:Amostra composta por 15 homens e 15 mulheres, com idades entre 7 e 92 anos. Desses, 12/30 indivíduos estavam em domicílio e 18/30 internados. As principais queixas foram febre, mal-estar geral, diarreia e desconforto respiratório. O estudo estatístico mostrou a existência de relação de dependência direta entre os aumentos da R N/L, PCR e necessidade de internação (p=0,0005). A análise morfológica mostrou neutrófilos hipossegmentados com granulações tóxicas, monócitos vacuolizados e linfócitos reativos com citoplasma basofílico. Conclusão: Nossos resultados associam os níveis intermediários e elevados da R N/L com o aumento de PCR e a gravidade da doença, porém, sem relação com os achados morfológicos em neutrófilos, linfócitos e monócitos que foram comuns a todos os pacientes diagnosticados até o 8o dia de infecção
Subject(s)
Pathology, Clinical , Lymphocytes , Monocytes , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Amazonian Ecosystem , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19/diagnosis , NeutrophilsABSTRACT
RESUMO: Introdução: A pandemia pelo novo coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2) trouxe muitas incertezas sobre quais parâmetros laboratoriais seriam mais adequados durante a evolução da COVID 19. Objetivos: Correlacionar os resultados do hemograma (HGM), da relação neutrófilos/linfócitos (R N/L), da proteína C reativa (PCR) e dos achados morfológicos de indivíduos diagnosticados com infecção por SARS-CoV-2 através de Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real (RT-PCR) em um laboratório particular de Belém, Pará, no período de março a setembro de 2020. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo com 30 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, qualquer idade e queixa clínica, de origem domiciliar ou hospitalar que realizaram HGM, PCR e RT-PCR para COVID 19 até o 8o dia de infecção. As alterações morfológicas foram analisadas após a seleção das lâminas desses pacientes. Resultados:Amostra composta por 15 homens e 15 mulheres, com idades entre 7 e 92 anos. Desses, 12/30 indivíduos estavam em domicílio e 18/30 internados. As principais queixas foram febre, mal-estar geral, diarreia e desconforto respiratório. O estudo estatístico mostrou a existência de relação de dependência direta entre os aumentos da R N/L, PCR e necessidade de internação (p=0,0005). A análise morfológica mostrou neutrófilos hipossegmentados com granulações tóxicas, monócitos vacuolizados e linfócitos reativos com citoplasma basofílico. Conclusão: Nossos resultados associam os níveis intermediários e elevados da R N/L com o aumento de PCR e a gravidade da doença, porém, sem relação com os achados morfológicos em neutrófilos, linfócitos e monócitos que foram comuns a todos os pacientes diagnosticados até o 8o dia de infecção. (AU)
ABSTRACT: Morphological changes in leukocytes of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection patients, Amazon, BrazilORIGINAL ARTICLEIntroduction: The pandemic for the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) brought many uncertainties about which laboratory parameters would be most suitable during the evolution of COVID 19. Objectives: Correlate the results of the blood count (BC), the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (N/LR), the C-reactive protein (CRP) and morphological findings of individuals diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection through Polymerase Chain Reaction in Real Time (RT-PCR) in a private laboratory in Belém, Pará, from March to September 2020. Materials and Methods: Retrospective study with 30 individuals, of both sexes, any age and clinical complaint, of home or hospital origin who underwent BC, CRP and RT-PCR for COVID 19 until the 8th day of infection. Morphological changes were analyzed after selecting the slides for these patients. Results: Sample composed of 15 men and 15 women, aged between 7 and 92 years. Of these 12/30 individuals were at home and 18/30 were hospitalized. The main complaints were fever, malaise, diarrhea and respiratory distress. The statistical study showed a direct dependency relationship between increases in N/LR, CRP and the need for hospitalization (p = 0.0005). Morphological analysis showed hyposegmented neutrophils with toxic granulations, vacuolated monocytes, and reactive lymphocytes with basophilic cytoplasm. Conclusion: Our results associate intermediate and elevated levels of N/LR with increased CRP and disease severity, however, unrelated to the morphological findings in neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes that were common to all patients diagnosed up to the 8th day of infection. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Lymphocytes , Monocytes , Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis , Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus/pathogenicity , COVID-19/blood , NeutrophilsABSTRACT
Deficits in the clearance of amyloid β protein (Aβ) by the peripheral system play a critical role in the pathogenesis of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). Impaired uptake of Aβ by dysfunctional monocytes is deemed to be one of the major mechanisms underlying deficient peripheral Aβ clearance in AD. In the current study, flow cytometry and biochemical and behavioral techniques were applied to investigate the effects of polysaccharide krestin (PSK) on AD-related pathology in vitro and in vivo. We found that PSK, widely used in therapy for various cancers, has the potential to enhance Aβ uptake and intracellular processing by human monocytes in vitro. After administration of PSK by intraperitoneal injection, APP/PS1 mice performed better in behavioral tests, along with reduced Aβ deposition, neuroinflammation, neuronal loss, and tau hyperphosphorylation. These results suggest that PSK holds promise as a preventive agent for AD by strengthening the Aβ clearance by blood monocytes and alleviating AD-like pathology.
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Alzheimer Disease/pathology , Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism , Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/metabolism , Cognition , Disease Models, Animal , Mice, Transgenic , Monocytes/pathology , Polysaccharides/therapeutic use , ProteoglycansABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the significance of peripheral blood lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) and corrected levels of serum calcium (cCa) as prognostic markers for the newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 114 newly diagnosed MM patients in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from January 2013 to March 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to identify the optimal cutoff value, and the patients were divided into high LMR group and low LMR group (LMR≥3.35 and LMR < 3.35). Moreover, the patients were divided into four groups according to initial diagnosis LMR and LMR after four courses of treatment (LMR4): Group A (LMR≥3.35, LMR4≥3.35), Group B (LMR≥3.35, LMR4 < 3.35), Group C (LMR < 3.35, LMR4≥3.35), and group D (LMR < 3.35, LMR4 < 3.35). The simple prognosis model was established by combined with LMR and cCa, the patients were divided into Group a (no risk factor), group b (1 risk factor) and Group c (2 risk factors). Independent sample T-test, Pearson Chi-square test or Mann-Whitney U test were used to evaluate the differences between various parameters, and Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression were used for survival analysis.@*RESULTS@#The median follow-up time was 13.05（0.1-72.5）months. Survival analysis showed that the patients with low LMR predicted poor prognosis, the overall survival (OS) time of the patients with low LMR was significantly shorter (17 vs 50.5 months, P=0.006) than the patients with high LMR, the difference was also significant between group A and Group D (56.5 vs 30.5 months, P=0.043). The OS of the patients was also significantly shorter in the high cCa group (≥2.75 mmol/L) compared with normal group (8.5 vs 34 months, P=0.006). Multivariate survival analysis showed that LMR < 3.35 (P=0.028) and cCa≥2.75 mmol/L (P=0.036) were the independent risk factors affecting prognosis of MM patients. The comparison of risk factors showed that the median OS of Group a, b and c was 50, 20, and 8.5 months, respectively. The prognosis of the patients without risk factors was better than that of patients with 1-2 risk factors (Group a vs Group b, P < 0.0001; Group a vs Group c, P=0.002).@*CONCLUSION@#LMR and cCa are the independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of newly diagnosed MM patients, and the development of a simple prognosis system combining them can quickly identify the prognosis of newly diagnosed MM patients.
Subject(s)
Humans , Calcium , Lymphocytes , Monocytes , Multiple Myeloma , Prognosis , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of dasatinib on the maturation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) derived from healthy donors (HDs) and chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients.@*METHODS@#Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from HDs (n=10) and CML patients (n=10) who had got the remission of MR4.5 with imatinib treatment. The generation of moDCs from PBMCs was completed after 7 days of incubation in DC I culture medium, and another 3 days of incubation in DC II culture medium with or without 25 nmol/L dasatinib. On the 10th day, cells were harvested and expression of molecules of maturation related marker were assessed by flow cytometry. The CD80+CD86+ cell population in total cells was gated as DCs in the fluorescence-activated cell storting (FACS) analyzing system, then the expression of CD83, CD40 or HLA-DR in this population was analyzed respectively.@*RESULTS@#The proportion of CD80+CD86+ cells in total cells didn't show a statistical difference between HD group and patient group (89.46%±9.70% vs 87.39%±9.34%, P=0.690). Dasatinib significantly enhanced the expression of the surface marker CD40 (P=0.008) and HLA-DR (P=0.028) on moDCs derived from HDs compared with the control group, while the expression of CD83 on moDCs didn't show a significant difference between dasatinib group and the control group (P=0.428). Meanwhile, dasatinib significantly enhanced the expression of the surface marker CD40 (P=0.023), CD83 (P=0.038) and HLA-DR (P=0.001) on moDCs derived from patients compared with the control group.@*CONCLUSION@#For CML patients, the same high proportion of moDCs as HDs can be induced in vitro, which provides a basis for the application of DC-based immunotherapy strategy. Dasatinib at the concentration of 25 nmol/L can efficiently promote the maturation of moDCs derived from HDs and CML patients in vitro. Dasatinib shows potential as a DC adjuvant to be applied in DC-based immunotherapy strategies, such as DC vaccine and DC cell-therapy.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cell Differentiation , Cells, Cultured , Dasatinib/pharmacology , Dendritic Cells , HLA-DR Antigens/pharmacology , Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism , Leukocytes, Mononuclear , MonocytesABSTRACT
O corpo humano tende sempre a procurar um estado de homeostase, buscando o equilíbrio entre todos os sistemas. O exercício físico está presente na rotina diária de indivíduos, mesmo com objetivos diferentes, porém a influência no sistema imunológico não é muitas vezes abordada como fator relevante. O sistema imune é responsável por proteger o organismo contra infecções e doenças, podendo ser modulado perante a resposta de exercícios físicos regulares. Tendo em vista que, atualmente, existe uma preocupação maior em tornar e manter a imunidade eficiente, a prática regular e moderada do exercício pode contribuir para uma maior eficácia desse sistema, dessa forma, podendo ser considerada uma proteção ao corpo humano. O objetivo dessa revisão foi sintetizar os dados de estudos presentes na literatura que demonstram a influência do exercício físico na resposta do sistema imunológico, tornando possível compreender as alterações moleculares, fisiológicas, metabólicas e celulares que levam a um tipo específico de resposta do organismo humano.
The human body always tends to seek a homeostasis state, trying to balance all systems. Physical exercise is present in the routine of individuals even with different goals, but the influence in the immune system isnt a relevant factor. The immune system is responsible for protecting the human body against some infections and diseases, and could be modulated in response by some regular physical exercise. At the moment there is a greater concern to keep efficient immunity, a practice of regular and moderate exercise can contribute to a better effectiveness of this system, thus, it can be considered a form of protection to the human body. The objective of this review was to synthesize some data from any studies presented in the literature that demonstrate the influence of physical exercise on the immune system response. Making it possible to understand the molecular mechanisms, physiological, metabolic and cellular changes that turn to a specific type of response in the human body.
Subject(s)
Humans , Exercise , Immune System , Immunity , Dendritic Cells , Immunoglobulins , Killer Cells, Natural , Lymphocytes , Monocytes , Cytokines , Human Body , Chemokines , Protective Factors , Endurance Training , Homeostasis , Leukocytes , Macrophages , NeutrophilsABSTRACT
Abstract. Introduction: The thymus is active mainly during the neonatal and pre-adolescent periods. Objective: To test naïve thymocytes proliferation and monocytes stimulation. Materials and methods: We collected fresh thymus tissue from neonate mice after surgery. Suspension cells were coated onto Ficoll-Hypaque support. The obtained cells (thymocytes) were cultured measuring the proliferation of naïve T cells stimulated by Crotalus durissus cumanensis (Cdc) venom at sub-lethal doses (20 ng). Then, we supplemented the wells with AlamarBlue™ and incubated them for 5 h to test their proliferation. Mononuclear cells from mice peripheral blood were collected and layered onto the support of the Ficoll-Hypaque solution. We added the thymocytes actively dividing (25 x 105 cells) from cultures stimulated with Cdc venom at 20 ng/well to cultured monocytes freshly obtained from the Ficoll-Hypaque separation. Both cell populations were incubated for 36 h until monocytes matured to macrophages. Results: The naïve thymocytes rapidly proliferated after stimulation with the Cdc venom (NTCdc) and these successively induced the maturation and function of monocytes progenitor cells to mature macrophages, which ingested Chinese ink. Conclusions: The naïve thymocytes proliferated by stimulation with the Cdc venom and subsequently the NT/Cdc induced the rapid maturation and function of monocytes progenitor cells becoming mature macrophages with their phenotypic characteristics.
Resumen. Introducción. El timo es activo principalmente durante los períodos neonatal y preadolescente. Objetivo. Probar la proliferación de los timocitos tempranos y la estimulación de monocitos que producen. Materiales y métodos. Se recogió tejido de timo fresco después de la cirugía de ratones recién nacidos. La suspensión de células se colocó sobre un soporte de Ficoll-Hypaque. Las células obtenidas (timocitos) se cultivaron y se midió la proliferación de células T vírgenes estimuladas por el veneno de Crotalus durissus cumanensis (Cdc) en dosis subletales (20 ng). A continuación, se agregó AlamarBlue™ a los pocillos y se incubaron durante 5 horas para evaluar la proliferación. Se recogieron células mononucleares de sangre periférica de ratones y se colocaron sobre un soporte de solución de Ficoll-Hypaque. Los timocitos que se dividieron activamente (25 x 105 células) a partir de los cultivos estimulados con veneno de Cdc (20 ng/pocillo) y se agregaron a los cultivos de monocitos recién obtenidos de la separación en la solución de Ficoll-Hypaque. Ambas poblaciones celulares se incubaron durante 36 horas hasta que los monocitos maduraron a macrófagos. Resultados Los timocitos tempranos experimentaron una rápida proliferación estimulada por el veneno de Cdc (NTCdc) y, posteriormente, indujeron la maduración y la función de las células progenitoras de monocitos, los cuales maduraron a macrófagos, que se tiñeron con tinta china. Conclusiones. Los timocitos tempranos proliferaron con la estimulación del veneno de Cdc y, posteriormente, el NT/Cdc indujo la maduración rápida y la función de las células progenitoras de monocitos, transformándose en macrófagos con sus características fenotípicas.
Subject(s)
Crotalus , Thymocytes , Monocytes , Crotalid Venoms , MacrophagesABSTRACT
Background Today, there is a need for new and independent additional advanced markers that can predict the prognosis of meningioma patients, postoperatively. The present study aimed to find out postoperative short-term prognostic markers in patients with meningioma using their demographic data and routine blood biochemistry findings evaluated preoperatively. Methods The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), and Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) scores of the patients were recorded. Additionally, preoperatively obtained serum glucose, Creactive protein (CRP), sodium, potassium, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase, and hemoglobin level values, platelet, leukocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte, eosinophil, basophil, andmonocyte count results, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, plateletlymphocyte ratio (PLR) and lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR) values were evaluated. Results In the present study, 23 operated patients with meningioma World Health Organization (WHO) grade 1 (17 females, 6 males) were included. Correlation test results revealed that the GCS score, platelet count, and serum potassium level values could directly predict the short-term prognosis of these patients. Additionally, these test results suggested that the lymphocyte, monocyte, and eosinophil count values, PLR, LMR, ESR, serum glucose, CRP, and AST level values could be indirect markers in predicting the short-term prognosis. However, likelihood ratio test results revealed that only monocyte count value, LMR value, and serum CRP level value could be the markers for prediction of the short-term prognosis. Conclusion At the end of the present study, it was concluded that the monocyte count value, LMR value, and serum CRP level value could be the best markers in predicting the short-term prognosis of the operated meningioma patients.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Blood Chemical Analysis/methods , Biomarkers , Meningioma/therapy , Platelet Count , Potassium/blood , Prognosis , C-Reactive Protein/chemistry , Monocytes/chemistry , Retrospective Studies , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Statistics, Nonparametric , Correlation of DataABSTRACT
Resumo Fundamento A hipertensão arterial (HTA) representa um grande fator de risco de morbidade e mortalidade cardiovascular. Ainda não se sabe que mecanismos moleculares específicos estão associados ao desenvolvimento de hipertensão essencial. Objetivo Neste trabalho, analisamos a associação entre expressão mRNA de monócito LRP1, expressão de proteína LRP1, e espessura íntima-média de carótida (EIMC) de pacientes com hipertensão essencial. Métodos A expressão mRNA de monócito LRP1 e os níveis de proteína e EIMC foram quantificados em 200 indivíduos mexicanos, sendo 91 normotensos (NT) e 109 hipertensos (HT) A significância estatística foi definida em p < 0,05. Resultados O grupo de pacientes HT tinha EIMC maior altamente significativa em comparação com os pacientes NT (p = 0,002), e isso está relacionado ao aumento na expressão mRNA de LRP1 (6,54 versus. 2,87) (p = 0,002) e expressão de proteína LRP1 (17,83 versus 6,25), respectivamente (p = 0,001). Essas diferenças foram mantidas mesmo quando dividimos nossos grupos de estudo, levando em consideração apenas aqueles que apresentavam dislipidemia na expressão de mRNA (p = 0,041) e de proteínas (p < 0,001). Também se identificou que a indução de LRP1 mediada por LRP1 em monócitos em de maneira dependente de dose e tempo, com diferença significativa em NT versus HT (0,195 ± 0,09 versus 0,226 ± 0,12, p = 0,046). Conclusão Foi encontrado um aumento em EIMC em indivíduos com hipertensão, associada a expressões de proteína LRP1 e mRNA mais altas em monócitos, independente da presença de dislipidemia em pacientes HT. Esses resultados que a upregulation de LRP1 em monócitos de pacientes hipertensos mexicanos poderia estar envolvida na diminuição da EIMC. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; 116(1):56-65)
Abstract Background Arterial hypertension (HTA) represents a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. It is not yet known which specific molecular mechanisms are associated with the development of essential hypertension. Objective In this study, we analyzed the association between LRP1 monocyte mRNA expression, LRP1 protein expression, and carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) of patients with essential hypertension. Methods The LRP1 monocyte mRNA expression and protein levels and cIMT were quantified in 200 Mexican subjects, 91 normotensive (NT) and 109 hypertensive (HT). Statistical significance was defined as p < 0.05. Results HT patients group had highly significant greater cIMT as compared to NT patients (p=0.002) and this correlated with an increase in the expression of LRP1 mRNA expression (6.54 vs. 2.87) (p = 0.002) and LRP1 protein expression (17.83 vs. 6.25), respectively (p = 0.001). These differences were maintained even when we divided our study groups, taking into account only those who presented dyslipidemia in both, mRNA (p = 0.041) and proteins expression (p < 0.001). It was also found that Ang II mediated LRP1 induction on monocytes in a dose and time dependent manner with significant difference in NT vs. HT (0.195 ± 0.09 vs. 0.226 ± 0.12, p = 0.046). Conclusion An increase in cIMT was found in subjects with hypertension, associated with higher mRNA and LRP1 protein expressions in monocytes, irrespective of the presence of dyslipidemias in HT patients. These results suggest that LRP1 upregulation in monocytes from Mexican hypertensive patients could be involved in the increased cIMT. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; 116(1):56-65)
Subject(s)
Humans , Carotid Intima-Media Thickness , Hypertension , Monocytes , Risk Factors , Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1 , Lipoproteins, LDLABSTRACT
Neonatal sepsis is an inflammatory system syndrome and a main cause of neonatal mortality. However, there is a lack of ideal biomarkers for early neonatal sepsis diagnosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of miR-141 in sepsis in neonates, and explore the regulatory effects of miR-141 on inflammation in monocytes. This study used qRT-PCR to calculate the expression of miR-141 in the serum of septic neonates. The diagnostic values of procalcitonin (PCT) and serum miR-141 were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The relationship between miR-141 and TLR4 was determined using luciferase reporter assay. An inflammation model was established using monocytes with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. ELISA assay was used to analyze the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The expression of miR-141 in neonatal sepsis was significantly lower than healthy controls. ROC curves showed that miR-141 had diagnostic accuracy. LPS stimulation in monocytes led to a decrease in the expression of miR-141. A luciferase reporter assay proved that miR-141 targeted TLR4, and a negative correlation of miR-141 with TLR4 was found in septic neonates. ELISA results demonstrated that the overexpression of miR-141 inhibited LPS-induced inflammation in monocytes. In conclusion, serum decreased miR-141 expression served as a candidate diagnostic biomarker of neonatal sepsis. TLR4 is a target gene of miR-141, which may mediate the inhibitory effects of miR-141 overexpression on LPS-induced inflammation in monocytes. Therefore, miR-141 is expected to be a potential diagnostic biomarker and a therapeutic target in neonatal sepsis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Sepsis , MicroRNAs , Neonatal Sepsis , Monocytes , Lipopolysaccharides , Toll-Like Receptor 4ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the relationship of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) with clinicopathological characteristics of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). METHODS: This retrospective study included 390 patients with DTC who had complete blood cell counts available at the time of surgery. NLR, PLR, and MLR were calculated, and the risk of cancer-related death, structural recurrence, and response to therapy were assessed using the eighth edition of the tumor-node-metastasis classification, American Thyroid Association (ATA) Risk Stratification System, and ATA Response to Therapy Reclassification, respectively. RESULTS: PLR was higher in patients with distant metastasis than in those without (133.15±43.95 versus 119.24±45.69, p=0.0345) and lower in patients with disease-free status (117.72±44.70 versus 131.07±47.85, p=0.0089) than in those who experienced persistent disease or death. Patients aged ≥55 years had a higher MLR than those aged <55 years (0.26±0.10 versus 0.24±0.12, p=0.0379). Higher MLR (odds ratio [OR]: 8.775, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.532-50.273, p=0.0147), intermediate ATA risk (OR: 4.892, 95% CI: 2.492-9.605, p≤0.0001), and high ATA risk (OR: 5.998, 95% CI: 3.126-11.505, p≤0.0001) were risk factors associated with active disease. NLR was not significantly different among the studied variables. Receiver operating characteristic curve cut-off values for NLR, PLR, and MLR were able to differentiate distant metastasis from lymph node metastasis (NLR>1.93: 73.3% sensitivity and 58.7% specificity, PLR>124.34: 86.7% sensitivity and 69.2% specificity, MLR>0.21: 80% sensitivity and 45.2% specificity). CONCLUSION: Cut-off values of NLR, PLR, and MLR differentiated distant metastasis from lymph node metastasis with good sensitivity and accuracy. PLR was associated with disease-free status and it was higher in DTC patients with distant metastasis, persistent disease, and disease-related death. MLR was a risk factor for active disease.
Subject(s)
Humans , Thyroid Neoplasms/surgery , Neutrophils , Prognosis , Thyroidectomy , Lymphocytes , Monocytes , Retrospective Studies , Lymph Nodes , Neoplasm Recurrence, LocalABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR) in the valuation prognosis of patients with multiple myeloma (MM).@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 82 patients with initially diagnosed MM admitted to Gansu Provincial People's Hospital was analyzed retrospectively. NLR and MLR were calculated based on blood routine results respectively. The optimal cut-off point of NLR and MLR was determined according to the ROC curve, and the patients were divided into the high NLR/MLR group and the low NLR/MLR group. The general data, biochemical indicators and prognosis of the patients in each groups were compared respectively. The prognostic significance of the high NLR/MLR group and the low NLR/MLR group in patients between different treatment regimens and different clinical characteristics were analyzed. Risk stratification was designed based on NLR and high MLR as two risk factors, and the effect of risk factors, on the prognosis of MM patients were compared.@*RESULTS@#ROC curve analysis determined that the optimal cut-off point of NLR was 3.1 (sensitivity 75%, specificity 70.7%) and the optimal cut-off point of MLR was 0.34 (sensitivity 83.3%, specificity 53.4%). The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and mean platelet volume (MPV) were correlated to NLR and MLR (P<0.05). There were no significant difference in age, sex, serum calcium (Ca), β @*CONCLUSION@#Elevated NLR and MLR are associated with poor prognosis in MM patients and may serve as the cost-effective and readily available prognostic biomarkers.
Subject(s)
Humans , Blood Platelets , Lymphocytes , Monocytes , Multiple Myeloma , Neutrophils , Prognosis , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the relationship between Treg cells level in peripheral blood and prognosis of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).@*METHODS@#The percentage and absolute value of Treg cells in peripheral blood of DLBCL patients were detected by flow lytometry, and their correlation to prognosis was analyzed by survival analysis. The absolute count of Treg cells was detected by using maximally selected Log-rank statistic, and it was used as cutoff point to distinguish difference survival. The new group of Treg based on cutoff point was combined with age, sex, pathological subtype, risk stratification, treatment plan, and other indicators to include in the single factor survival analysis of Kaplan-Meier. Finally, the COX proportional risk model was used to verify the effect of the above indicators on progression-free survival.@*RESULTS@#The absolute count of Treg cells in DLBCL patients was significantly lower in the disease progressed group than those in the remission group. The cutoff point of absolute value of the Treg cell was 19 cells /μl. The absolute count of Treg cells was an independent prognostic factor of the risk stratification.@*CONCLUSION@#At the beginning of diagnosis, the reduction of the absolute count of Treg cells in peripheral blood of DLBCL patients show a poor prognosis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse , Monocytes , Prognosis , Proportional Hazards Models , Retrospective Studies , T-Lymphocytes, RegulatoryABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the level and significance of serum γ-glutamyl transferase-to-platelet ratio (GPR) and monocyte count to high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) in patients with essential hypertension (EH) and unstable angina (UA).@*METHODS@#A total of 218 patients with coronary angiography aged ≥60 years, who were admitted to the EH hospital of the Department of Cardiac Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, were selected from September 2018 to September 2019. They were divided into an EH+UA group (@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control group, patients in the EH+UA group and the EH group had higher body mass index (BMI), tyiglyceride (TG), GPR, and MHR, and lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (all @*CONCLUSIONS@#There is a correlation between GPR, MHR and EH combined with UA pectoris, and the combined detection of the two indicators has adjuvant diagnostic value for elderly EH combined with UA.
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Angina, Unstable , Cholesterol, HDL , Coronary Angiography , Essential Hypertension , Lipoproteins, HDL , MonocytesABSTRACT
Chronic myeloid leukemia with a significant increase of monocytes is rare and difficult to identify from chronic myelo-monocytic leukemia in clinic. A 31-year-old male patient with systemic pain was initially diagnosed as chronic myelo-monocytic leukemia, who was finally diagnosed as chronic myeloid leukemia by fusion gene and chromosome examination. In addition to the typical Ph chromosome, a rare chromosome translocation t(2; 7)(p13; p22) was observed. The detection of monocyte subsets by multi-parameter flow cytometry is a diagnostic marker to distinguish the above 2 diseases. The relationship between fusion genes and mononucleosis is not clear. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can be used in the treatment for this disease.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Karyotype , Karyotyping , Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics , Monocytes , Translocation, GeneticABSTRACT
BACKGROUND@#Epigenetics, especially DNA methylation, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of primary Sjogren syndrome (pSS). Our study aimed to reveal the role of DNA methylation in peripheral monocytes of pSS patients.@*METHODS@#A total of 11 pSS patients and five age-matched healthy controls (HCs) were included in this study. Monocytes were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells using magnetic microbeads. DNA methylation profiles were generated using Human Methylation 850K BeadChips.@*RESULTS@#In monocytes from pSS patients, we identified 2819 differentially methylated positions (DMPs), comprising 1977 hypomethylated- and 842 hypermethylated-DMPs, corresponding to 1313 unique genes when compared with HCs. IFI44L, MX1, PAARP9, and IFITM1, which influence the interferon (IFN) signaling pathway, were among the genes hypomethylated in pSS. Functional analysis of genes with a minimum of two DMPs showed involvement in antigen binding, transcriptional regulation, cell adhesion, IFN-γ pathway, type I IFN pathway, antigen presentation, Epstein-Barr virus infection, human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 virus infection, and metabolic disease-related pathways. In addition, patients with higher serum IgG levels exhibited enrichment in Notch signaling and metabolic-related pathways. Upon comparing monocytes with salivary gland epithelial cells, an important overlap was observed in the cell cycle, cell senescence, and interleukin-17 signaling pathways. The differentially methylated genes were more enriched in the ribosome- and AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway in anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB autoantibodies double-positive patients.@*CONCLUSION@#Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling revealed significant differences in DNA methylation in monocytes isolated from patients with pSS.
Subject(s)
Humans , DNA Methylation/genetics , Epstein-Barr Virus Infections , Herpesvirus 4, Human , Leukocytes, Mononuclear , Monocytes , Sjogren's Syndrome/geneticsABSTRACT
Resumen Introducción: Diversos biomarcadores basados en conteos sanguíneos han sido de utilidad para el pronóstico de los pacientes en estado crítico por COVID-19. Objetivo: Describir la utilidad de los índices neutrófilo/linfocito (INL), monocito/linfocito (IML) y linfocito/plaqueta (IPL) para el pronóstico de la mortalidad y necesidad de soporte ventilatorio por COVID-19. Método: Cohorte retrospectiva de registros clínicos de pacientes con COVID-19 que requirieron atención hospitalaria. Resultados: Se analizaron 125 casos, la edad media fue de 51 años y 60 %, del sexo masculino; 21.6 % padecía diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y 18.4 %, hipertensión. La media de leucocitos fue 9.5 × 103/mL y la de neutrófilos, de 8.0 × 103/mL. La media del INL fue de 12.01; del IML, de 0.442 y del IPL, de 373.07. Respecto al área bajo la curva se registraron los siguientes valores en cuanto a mortalidad: INL, 0.594; IML, 0.628 e ILP, 0.505; en cuanto a ventilación mecánica: INL, 0.581; IML, 0.619 e ILP, 0.547. En el análisis univariado, INL > 13 (RM = 2.750, p = 0.001) e IML > 0.5 (RM = 2.069, p = 0.047) se asociaron a mortalidad; ILP no mostró impacto en la mortalidad ni en el soporte respiratorio. Conclusión: INL e IML son de utilidad para predecir la mortalidad en pacientes con COVID-19.
Abstract Introduction: Various biomarkers based on blood counts have been useful for the prognosis of patients critically ill with COVID-19. Objective: To describe the usefulness of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte (MLR) and lymphocyte-to-platelet ([LPR) ratios for the prognosis of mortality and ventilatory support requirement for COVID-19. Method: Retrospective cohort of clinical records of patients with COVID-19 who required hospital care. Results: One-hundred and twenty-five cases were analyzed; mean age was 51 years, and 60 % were of the male gender; 21.6 % had type 2 diabetes mellitus, and 18.4 % had hypertension. Mean leukocyte count was 9.5 × 103/mL, with a neutrophil mean of 8.0 × 103/mL. Mean NLR was 12.01, while for MLR it was 0.442, and for LPR, 373.07. Regarding the area under the curve, the following values were recorded for mortality: 0.594 for NLR, 0.628 for MLR and 0.505 for LPR; as for mechanical ventilation, the values were 0.581 for NLR, 0.619 for MLR and 0.547 for LPR. In the univariate analysis, an NLR value > 13 (OR: 2.750, p = 0.001) and an MLR of > 0.5 (OR: 2.069, p = 0.047) were associated with mortality. LPR showed no impact on mortality or respiratory support. Conclusion: NLR and MLR are useful for predicting mortality in patients with COVID-19.